CAIP-74

  • Name: CAIP-74 (CACAO — Chain Agnostic CApability Object)
  • URL: https://standards.chainagnostic.org/CAIPs/caip-74
  • Category: chain-agnostic wallet-auth capability-receipt standard / signed authorization container / IPLD capability object
  • Summary: CAIP-74 is best understood as the receipt layer that turns wallet-auth messages into reusable capability objects rather than as just another sign-in format. Its core mechanism is to package a CAIP-122-style authentication payload, a typed signature, and minimal header metadata into a deterministic IPLD object that can be serialized, transported, and chained. That makes it a useful comparison class for CAIP-122, CAIP-222, ERC-5573/ReCaps, and WalletConnect Auth: the important shift is from “did this wallet sign in?” to “what signed capability object can another system verify, store, forward, and compose?”
  • What it does:
    • Defines a CACAO container with header, payload, and signature sections for chain-agnostic signed capability objects
    • Reuses the CAIP-122 sign-in payload model so fields like domain, audience URI, nonce, timing bounds, statement, request ID, and resources stay portable across ecosystems
    • Uses did:pkh as the issuer format so the subject includes both account and chain context rather than only a bare address
    • Encodes the result as an IPLD object that can be deterministically serialized, identified, and transported as a CAR file
    • Supports multiple signature verification styles by carrying an explicit signature type such as eip191 or eip1271
    • Frames wallet authentication as the starting point for richer capability chains instead of the endpoint of login
  • Key claims:
    • The abstract makes the main analytical move explicit: CAIP-74 records the result of a CAIP-122 signing operation as a composable and replayable authorization receipt. That is a different job than defining the auth message itself.
    • The most important design choice is the split between payload semantics and container semantics. CAIP-122 standardizes the sign-in fields; CAIP-74 standardizes how that signed result becomes a reusable object.
    • The use of IPLD and CAR serialization matters because it turns wallet auth into portable capability data rather than app-local session state. Whoever controls the object grammar, serialization, and verification rules controls what later systems can treat as a valid delegated receipt.
    • did:pkh as issuer is a key control-surface clue. It ties subject identity to a chain-qualified account string, which makes cross-chain subject formatting and DID-method maintenance part of the trust stack.
    • The backwards-compatibility note is revealing: newer implementations must handle both eip4361 and caip122 header types. That shows how Ethereum-first sign-in conventions still shadow supposedly chain-agnostic standards.
    • CAIP-74 belongs in the corpus because it clarifies the missing middle layer between login prompts and capability systems: the signed receipt format that downstream wallets, apps, and resource services can verify and compose.
  • Whitepaper: No standalone CAIP-74 whitepaper or litepaper surfaced in this pass. The clearest primary materials were the official CAIP text plus repository context; see ../../whitepapers/caip-74-primary-sources-2026-05-10.md.
  • Sources:

Internal linkages

  • Authentication-envelope parent layer: caip-122
  • Wallet-auth carrier that can mint the receipt directly: caip-222
  • Closest authorization-language cousin once the signed object starts carrying delegated rights: erc-5573
  • Last reviewed: 2026-05-10 UTC